World rabies Day is observed on 28 September each year.
Because dogs and cats are cute and attractive, they are now members of a number of families, and even when they come across stray cats and dogs outside, they can be touched, especially when caught and bitten. So, what if you don't get caught and bite? Will you get rabies? Do you need a vaccine?
World rabies Day is coming, so let's talk about rabies.
What's rabies?
A rabies disease, also known as water-phobia, is an animal-borne infectious disease caused by rabies virus infections and dominated by symptoms of the central nervous system. Clinical evidences of extreme winds, fear of water, myuscular spasms, sexual paralysis and, in the event of disease, death rates of almost 100 per cent pose a serious threat to human life and health.
Is it rabies when you get bit by a cat or a dog?
The US CDC makes it clear that all mammals have rabies.
Cats and dogs are mammals, so they're bitten and they're probably rabies. However, rabies are not transmitted in the following cases.
Domestic cat and dog who are regularly vaccinated in large cities;
(a) Be clear, be raised at home and not scattered;
No mammal was exposed to suspected rabies;
(a) The absence of sick behaviour or abnormal behaviour of the animal, and the reason for the bite, such as the force to pull, to tease, to feed, to guard or to be hurt;
Animals have been effectively vaccinated against rabies.
The China Centers for Disease Prevention and Control (CDC) Institute for the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases, in collaboration with the United States CDC, Guizhou CDC, and the University of Georgia in the United States, among others, have shown that healthy pets do not transmit rabies.
What do you do when you're bitten?
The National Health Commission recently issued a circular on the publication of guidelines for common animal injury treatment (2021 edition), stating:
The correct handling of animal bites is particularly critical, as shown below by the most common canine bites:
1. Do not delay treatment
Delays in post-bit treatment are one of the major factors contributing to the high incidence of post-bit infections.
Patients who visit after injury more than 24 hours are likely to be infected, often because of infectious symptoms or signs.
Hemorrhagic wounds to stop bleeding
Active haemorrhage should be stopped by direct oppression and neurovascular assessments should be conducted in the far end of the wound.
3. Washing and cleaning wounds
All bite wounds are washed in the form of soap water (or other weak alkaline detergents) for about 15 minutes, and residual fluids from the wounds are pumped out with sterile gauze or defamined cotton. Local anesthesia is given if the pain is severe.
If conditions permit, specialized washing equipment may be used to wash the internal parts of the wound in order to ensure effective washing, and finally to wash the wound with physico-saline water, avoiding residual soap or other washing agent in the wound.
4. Sterilization
When thoroughly washed, the local rabies virus left over from the wound can be eliminated by painting or cleaning the inside of the wound with thin iodine volts or other medical agents capable of living viruses.
5. Vaccination and injection of passive immunosuppressants
In general, one dose of rabies vaccine was administered for 0 days (1st day, that day), 3 days (4th day, the following analogy), 7 days, 14 days and 28 days, for a total of 5 doses for adults and children.
Severe biters (head, neck, finger, three biters in multiple parts, or those who bite or lick the mucous membranes) shall be given a doubling dose of rabies for 0 days and 3 days, in addition to the rabies vaccine as described above.
If the trauma is deep, severe or occurs on the head, face, neck, hand, etc., the rabies serum, which contains highly expensive anti-rabies immunoglobins, can be applied directly to the rabies virus and should be applied at an early stage, immediately after the injury and almost ineffective one week after the injury.
Had to be vaccinated within 24 hours of being bitten?
A healthy dog (cat) is bitten without vaccination.
Dogs are not born with rabies, which are transmitted from one infected animal to another. If the dog had a disease, it might have:
Early: manifest in a marked change of character, such as anxiety or fear, and sensitivity.
Exciting period: In the form of unease, running around, biting and calling, it was impossible to identify living people and acquaintances and an attack.
Late: soon there was respiratory difficulty and full-body failure.
However, suspicious dogs that appear healthy still require laboratory tests to determine whether or not they are ill.
A suspicious animal bite requires vaccination.
A rabies vaccine should be injected at the first time after being bitten by a suspicious animal, and the sooner the vaccinations are effective, the less 24 to 72 hours there is no claim that the vaccine will work as long as it does not occur.
Animals need to be observed in addition to vaccination.
Hot blood, such as dogs and cats, will die 100 per cent within 3-5 days of the rabies outbreak (the rare one mentioned in the literature is eight days).
The World Health Organization has highlighted the global application of the “10 Days of Observation” approach, 10 days as a deliberate extension of the World Health Organization's safety watch period, the absence of death in the bite animals, the judgement that a person has not been infected with rabies, and the possibility of an end to rabies vaccine.